Aimed at the development status of solid rocket motor nozzle thermal protection materials, basalt fiber was used to produce phenolic resin composites. Mechanical property, thermal property and ablative property were tested. The micro-morphology of specimens after test are investigated by SEM. The results show that the density is less than 1.75 g/ cm3,the max compress strength in axial direction is up to 335 MPa, the thermal conductivity in axial direction and radial direction is (0.3 to 0.4)W/ (m·K). The requirements of nozzle thermal protection materials are satisfied.