In order to research the effects of the thickness and stiffness of the side coating and strain isolation pad on the mechanical properties of the rigid thermal insulation tile and its components， a rigid thermal insulation tile analytical model with a symmetrical structure was constructed， finite element analysis（FEA） and static tensile test were carried out. The FEA results showed that the stress distribution of the rigid thermal insulation tile was not uniform under the action of tensile load， and there was obvious stress concentration， and its tensile strength level was closely related to the maximum stress. With the increase of coating thickness or stiffness， the maximum stress of the rigid thermal insulation tile increased， and the tensile strength decreased. When the rigid thermal insulation tile was bonded to the strain isolation pad， the maximum stress of the rigid thermal insulation tile decreased， and the tensile strength increased， while the thickness of the strain isolation pad increase or the stiffness decrease. When the rigid thermal insulation tile was coated， the strain isolation pad would reduce the effect of the coating on the rigid thermal insulation tile. The finite element analysis results were verified by static tensile tests， and the calculated results agreed well with the test results. The results showed that the analytical model was reasonable，the failure of the rigid thermal insulation tile were correlated with the coating and strain isolation pads.