Stress and damage analyses are performed on a carbon fiber overwrapped aluminum-lined cylinder under internal pressure through finite element method(FEM) by ABAQUS software. The variational thickness and wound angle of the head is reflected in the finite element model in accordance with the actual structure. A progressive damage model considering four failure modes are adopted for the composite, i.e., the fiber tension and compression, the matrix tension and compression. The regularities of the initiation and distribution of autofrettage pressure are analyzed. The effects of the autofrettage pressure on the stress amplitude of the liner are also discussed.It is concluded that when the cylinder carrying pressure is greater than the autofrettage process pressure, the PEEQ value of the liner will continue to accumulate after the autofrettage process, and the autofrettage process of the cylinder starts to fail.