Based on the balanced stable network as constraint conditions, with equal strength designing and improving the critical buckling load as the design goals, wound surface of sandwich composite cylinder was optimized. Firstly, based on equal strength design method, the optimal winding pattern and winding angles of spiral winding were obtained.The winding angle should satisfy α≤54.7°.Secondly, in order to meet the need of structural strength and stability, stability models with different aspect ratio are established using ABAQUS finite element software to obtain the α_opt.The study has found that when the aspect ratio 0.5≤ η≤ 3, with the increase of η, the best way transited from a single wound spiral wound ring plus hoop wound to the longitudinal placement plus hoop wound, while the maximum critical buckling load is approximately decreasing in quadratic relationship. The optimization method can not only achieve weight reduction requirements, but also meet the dual indicators of structural strength and stability.