Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) composites have been successfully applied to the main load-carrying structures in aircrafts, but how to monitor the structural damage is still a key problem. In this paper, a new and promising nondestructive testing technologySymbol~B@the self-sensing detection technology based on CFRP conductive network, which has become a hot field. The principles and technical characteristics of various methods including direct current (DC) methods and alternating current (AC) methods were summarized, especially evaluating the applicable environment and damage types of all kinds of detection methods. Finally, the further research for developing a set of intelligent self-sensing detection system of CFRP structural damage was pointed out.