耐高温异氰酸酯/ 环氧树脂固化历程与性能
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北京化工大学材料科学与工程学院

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TB33,TQ43

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Curing Process and Performances of High Heat Resistant Isocyanate/ Epoxy Resin
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    摘要:

    以异氰酸酯为固化剂固化环氧树脂,通过比较不同固化条件下固化物结构的差异,研究了异氰酸
    酯与环氧树脂的反应历程;改变异氰酸酯/ 环氧树脂体系的化学计量比(I/ E),采用FTIR/ ATR、DSC、DMTA 等
    研究了固化产物的结构与性能。结果表明,异氰酸酯与环氧树脂的固化历程随着温度的升高可分为三个阶段,
    第一阶段为异氰酸酯的三聚反应;第二阶段是一个复杂的过程,首先环氧树脂和异氰酸酯可反应生成噁唑烷酮
    结构,通过噁唑烷酮环扩链得到端异氰酸酯基低聚物,可继续发生三聚反应;第三阶段为异氰脲酸酯与残余的
    环氧基团反应生成噁唑烷酮结构,异氰脲酸酯六元环向噁唑烷酮五元环的转化是一个可逆的过程。不同的I/
    E 比例可得到结构不同的固化物,不同的结构导致固化物性能的差异:当(I/ E)= 1. 8 时,综合力学性能良好,
    异氰酸酯/ 环氧树脂/ 玻璃纤维复合材料的弯曲强度、弯曲模量、层剪强度分别为652. 53、33270. 63 和31. 66
    MPa,优于甲基四氢苯酐/ 环氧树脂/ 玻璃纤维复合材料力学性能;当I/ E=2. 0 时,固化物Tg 达到了305℃,明
    显优于传统的环氧树脂固化体系。

    Abstract:

    Isocyanate can be used as hardener of epoxy resin. The curing process was studied by comparing the
    differences of the final structures under different curing conditions. Altering the molar ratio of isocyanate to epoxide
    groups, the changes of structure during curing and final properties of the cured materials were investigated by using
    FTIR/ ATR,differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),dynamic thermal mechanical analysis(DMTA) and so on. As the
    results indicated, the curing process of epoxy/ isocyanate formulations can be divided into three stages in order of increasing
    temperature. Trimerization of isocyanate took place at first. And the following stages are a complex process:oxazolidone
    rings are prepared by Isocyanate and epoxy resin firstly. Trimerization of isocyanate took place among the oligomers
    terminated by isocyanate groups with oxazolidone rings as linear chain extenders. Oxazolidone rings were prepared
    by isocyanurates and remanent epoxy resin at the last stage. And the transition between oxazolidone rings and
    isocyanurate rings is a reversible process. Different structures ascribed to initial ratios lead to the different performances.
    When I/ E=1. 8, the isocyanate/ epoxy resin/ glass fiber formulation composition appeared a good comprehensive
    mechanical property. The bending strength,bending modulus and interlaminar shear strength of the isocyanate/ epoxy
    resin/ glass fiber formulation composition are 652. 53 MPa,3 3270. 63 MPa,31. 66 MPa,respectively,better than
    those MeHTPA/ epoxy resin/ glass fiber composites. When I/ E=2. 0,the Tg reached 305℃,higher than the temperature
    of traditional epoxy resin curing formulations,obviously.

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王成忠.耐高温异氰酸酯/ 环氧树脂固化历程与性能[J].宇航材料工艺,2015,45(3).

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  • 在线发布日期: 2016-11-28
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