Based on the development of composite vessel used in space propulsion system, the applied research of PBO filament was developed. By the mechanical property tests of PBO/ D-3 and PBO/ D-8, the optimum composite system was obtained. Furthermore, the design, process and test of PBO filament wound thin wall high pressure vessel with aluminum liner were also studied. The results showed that, the optimum composite was PBO HM(high modulus) / D-8. The tensile strength and NOL ring interfacial shear strength can reach 1397 MPa and 20. 2 MPa respectively. The maximum vessel performance factor with PBO HM/ D-8 is 64. 5 km