基于3D打印技术的卫星发动机支架零件制造及性能研究
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1北京空间机电研究所,北京 100094;2北京空间飞行器总体设计部,北京 100094

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TB33

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Manufacturing and Performance Research of Satellite Engine Bracket Parts Based on 3D Printing Technology
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1Beijing Institute of Space Mechanics & Electricity,Beijing 100094;2Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering,Beijing 100094

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    摘要:

    针对卫星发动机支架对结构刚度与轻量化的应用需求,研究3D打印技术在该部件制造中的适用性与可靠性。以3D打印卫星发动机支架法兰盘和上接头为研究对象,通过随炉试件力学性能测试、X射线与荧光检测评估零件宏观力学性能及内部质量;开展胶黏剂拉伸剪切强度测试、管剪试验以及高温静力加载试验,考核胶接质量与结构稳定性。验证结果表明:随炉试件力学性能满足设计要求(屈服强度≥180 MPa,弹性模量为65~85 GPa,断裂伸长率≥7.0%);零件内部质量与表面质量合格;胶接接头拉伸剪切强度≥16 MPa,室温和高温管剪破坏载荷均显著高于鉴定级载荷;3D打印接头支架与发动机组合体的振动试验各项数据均优于旧编织接头支架。3D打印技术制造的卫星发动机支架在力学性能、胶接质量及结构稳定性方面均满足应用要求,具备良好的工程可靠性。

    Abstract:

    To meet the structural stiffness and lightweight requirements of satellite engine brackets,the applicability and reliability of 3D printing technology for manufacturing such components were investigated.Taking the 3D printed flange and upper joint of a satellite engine bracket as the research objects,the macroscopic mechanical properties and internal quality of the coupons were evaluated through mechanical testing,X-ray inspection,and fluorescence testing.Adhesive bonded performance and structural stability were assessed via tensile-shear tests,tube shear tests,and high temperature static loading tests.The verification results show that the mechanical properties of the coupons meet the design requirements (Yield strength ≥180 MPa,elastic modulus 65-85 GPa,elongation at break ≥7.0%).The internal and surface quality of the parts meet acceptance criteria.The tensile-shear strength of the adhesive joints is ≥16 MPa,and tube shear failure loads of both room temperature and high temperature significantly exceed qualification level loads.Vibrationtest data for the 3D printed joint support and engine assembly are superior to those of the conventional braided joint bracket.Overall,the satellite engine bracket manufactured using 3D printing technology satisfies application requirements in terms of mechanical performance,adhesive bond quality,and structural stability,demonstrating strong engineering reliability.

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许丽丽,李竞蔚,殷永霞,孙东华,徐晓莹,穆磊磊.基于3D打印技术的卫星发动机支架零件制造及性能研究[J].宇航材料工艺,2026,56(2):56-62.

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  • 收稿日期:2025-07-23
  • 最后修改日期:2026-04-20
  • 录用日期:2025-11-05
  • 在线发布日期: 2026-05-07
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