Spacecraft in medium Earth orbit was constantly exposed to the high-energy proton irradiation environment of the Earth''s radiation belts.The development of anti-radiation cover glass that possess both high electronic stopping power and low displacement damage was the key to reducing the impact of the space radiation environment on solar cells.In this paper，the energy deposition and damage evolution laws of lead-doped borosilicate glass （0-10% Pb） under 10 MeV proton irradiation were simulated using the SRIM program.The research results show that the lead doping significantly enhances the electron stopping power，with the total ionization energy loss ratio exceeding 99% and increasing linearly with the lead concentration.The average proton range expands from 743.5 μm（undoped） to 866.6 μm（10% lead doping），and the range dispersion increases by 32.3%.However，the lead doping also intensifies deep displacement damage，with the peak vacancy density migrating towards the end of the range，and the total number of vacancies increasing nonlinearly with the lead concentration.The growth rate slows down due to the reduction in nuclear stopping cross-section and the weakening of atomic binding energy caused by the loosening of the glass network.The study indicates that the lead doping suppresses shallow layer damage through enhanced electron interaction，but the accumulation of deep displacement defects requires a balance between optimizing the doping concentration and the densification of the glass structure.