新型Ni-Nb-B-Si钎料钎焊SiC基复合材料与不锈钢接头组织与性能
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1河南省数控技术工程技术研究中心,郑州 450000;2河南职业技术学院材料工程学院,郑州 450000

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TG454

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2023年度河南省科技攻关项目(232102321061);2024年度河南职业技术学院科研项目《免示教智能焊接辅助装置设计研究》成果(2024ZK27)


Microstructure and Properties of Brazed Joints Between SiC-based Composites and Stainless Steel Using a Novel Ni-Nb-B-Si Brazing Filler Metal
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1Henan Numerical Control Technology Engineering Technology Research Center,Zhengzhou 450000;2School of Material Engineering, Henan Polytechnic,Zhengzhou 450000

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    摘要:

    以Ni79Nb10B11三元共晶点为基础,加入原子分数为5%的Si,制备了新型Ni基高温钎料,并在1 100 ℃/30 min条件下实现了Cf/SiC复合材料与304不锈钢的钎焊连接。通过座滴法测试了Ni-Nb-B-Si钎料对Cf/SiC复合材料的润湿性,并采用DTA方法测定钎料熔点。采用SEM和EDS分析了钎焊接头的显微组织结构,利用剪切试验评价了接头力学性能。结果表明,Ni-Nb-B-Si钎料主要由NbNi8和Ni-B-Si化合物两相组成,实际熔化温度区间为1 036~1 060 ℃,高于传统Ag-Cu-Ti和Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni钎料。该钎料在Cf/SiC复合材料上的润湿角为17.5°,表现出良好的润湿性。钎焊过程中,B和Si原子向304不锈钢母材扩散,Ni与SiC反应生成Ni2Si与C,连接层主要由Nb6Ni16Si7、Ni基固溶体及Cr化物组成。接头室温及900 ℃高温下的剪切强度分别为32.0和21.2 MPa,断裂位置位于Cf/SiC复合材料与连接层界面。上述结果表明,新型Ni-Nb-B-Si钎料在高温陶瓷基复合材料与不锈钢连接中具有良好的应用前景。

    Abstract:

    A novel Ni-based high-temperature brazing filler was developed by adding 5% atomic percent of Si to the ternary eutectic composition of Ni79Nb10B11. This new filler was used to successfully braze Cf/SiC composites to 304 stainless steel at 1 100 °C for 30 minutes. The wettability of the Ni-Nb-B-Si filler on Cf/SiC composites was evaluated using the sessile drop method, and its melting point was determined by DTA. The microstructure of the brazed joints was analyzed by SEM and EDS, while the mechanical properties were assessed through shear tests. The results show that the Ni-Nb-B-Si filler consists mainly of NbNi8 and Ni-B-Si compounds, with an actual melting temperature range of 1 036~1 060 ℃, which is higher than that of traditional Ag-Cu-Ti and Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni fillers. The filler exhibited good wettability on Cf/SiC composites, with a contact angle of 17.5°. During the brazing process, B and Si atoms diffuse into the 304 stainless steel substrate, and Ni react with SiC to form Ni2Si and C. The joining layer is primarily composed of Nb6Ni16Si7, a Ni-based solid solution, and Cr compounds. The shear strengths of the joint at room temperature and at 900 °C are 32.0 and 21.2 MPa, respectively, with fracture occurring at the interface between the Cf/SiC composite and the joining layer. These results indicate that the novel Ni-Nb-B-Si filler has promising application prospects for joining high-temperature ceramic matrix composites to stainless steel.

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杨莉,李攀.新型Ni-Nb-B-Si钎料钎焊SiC基复合材料与不锈钢接头组织与性能[J].宇航材料工艺,2026,56(1):61-66.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-10-12
  • 最后修改日期:2026-02-09
  • 录用日期:2025-06-11
  • 在线发布日期: 2026-02-28
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