Material application verification is a comprehensive evaluation method， which is established to evaluate the application suitability of material multi-parameter indexes under the specific service requirements， for adapting to the complex engineering tasks. Various performance data， curves and maps of materials are obtained by a series of tests and characterization methods， and through comprehensive analysis， the feasibility of material application process are determined. Based on the requirements of high-performance materials， diversified materials and rapid application of materials for spacecraft development， this paper explains that the verification task of materials application is characterized by comprehensiveness， generality， short period， low cost and closed-loop verification of the index system. According to these characteristics， the index system design principles of coverage， criticality， accuracy， independence and economy are proposed， as well as the design and optimization methos of the three-level and five-factor index system of material application verification， including batch stability， process applicability， environmental adaptability， service safety and component robustness， are proposed.