The historical development of aromatic polyamide fiber at home and abroad is briefly introduced. The excellent thermo-mechanical properties， stability， and electrical insulation are summarized，and then the potential application in military and civil fields is classified and outlined. After that， the application of aromatic polyamide fiber and its composites in honeycomb materials， pressure bottles， aircraft tires， engines， and other aerospace fields are systematically elaborated. The analysis above can be concluded that China is facing the demand for high-performance and high productivity in developing aromatic polyamide fiber.