The axial electrical resistivity of individual pitch-based carbon fiber of six kinds carbon fibers was measured by a four-probe method.The thermal conductivity values were calculated by different empirical formulas,respectively and the calculated values were compared with the published values.The results show that the thermal conductivity values calculated from the formula λ=1261/ρ are consistent with these pitch-based carbon fibers with thermal conductivity over 600 or less than 300 W/(m·K).For the pitch-based carbon fiber that thermal conductivity is between 300 and 600 W/(m·K),its calculated thermal conductivity based on the formula λ=440000/(100ρ+258)-295 is more accurate.Based on this test, the relationship between the electrical resistivity of individual pitch-based carbon fiber and its thermal conductivity is established as λ=152740/(100ρ+22)-26,which has stronger universality.