The moon is not only a hot spot in deep space exploration， but also an arena for aerospace technology in the United States， Europe and other countries.With the successful implementation of China''s "orbit， fall and return" lunar exploration project， the construction of lunar base and lunar space station has become the focus of demonstration of new tasks， which will put forward new requirements and development direction for materials. Based on an overview of the impact of the lunar environment on aerospace materials， the tasks and difficulties of China''s future lunar exploration projects are analyzed， and the new requirements of lunar exploration projects for aerospace materials such as lightweight structure，efficient thermal management， advanced thermal protection， low-temperature lubrication， dust prevention， cushioning and energy absorption are put forward.Finally， some suggestions on how to develop new materials and technologies for the lunar exploration project are proposed.