In view of the unclear influence law of the curing temperature of phenolic resin on the mechanical properties of ablation-resistant thermal protection composites and the unclear strength variation law of resin carbon with temperature，the effects of curing temperature on the tensile modulus and tensile strength of phenolic resin were studied.The influence law of heat treatment temperature on the mechanical properties of resin carbon was investigated by Vickers microhardness.The results show that the tensile modulus of phenolic resin increases with the increase of curing temperature，and the tensile strength tends to increase with the increase of curing temperature.The maximum tensile modulus is 5.04 GPa，and the maximum tensile strength is 89.8 MPa.The highest curing temperature of the resin should not be lower than 140 ℃.The strength of resin carbon increases with the increase of heat treatment temperature， and the strength of resin carbon layer is the highest at 1 100 ℃.This provides beneficial guidance and assistance for the design and preparation of phenolic resin-based ablation-resistant composites.