基于形状记忆聚合物复合材料航天航空可变形结构技术研究进展
作者:
作者单位:

1.哈尔滨工业大学航天科学与力学系,哈尔滨 150001;2.哈尔滨工业大学复合材料与结构研究所,哈尔滨 150001

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V45

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金(12072094,11632005)


Progress of Aerospace Deformable Structures Based on Shape Memory Polymer Composites
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Affiliation:

1.Department of Astronautical Science and Mechanics, Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001;2.Centre for Composite Materials,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001

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    摘要:

    形状记忆聚合物及其复合材料是一种在相应的外界刺激下可以在临时形状和初始形状之间进行切换的智能材料,具有低密度、低成本、可回复变形大,刺激方式可控等优点,在航天航空领域,如:空间可展开结构、锁紧释放机构、变体等,展现出来了巨大的应用潜力。这些应用大多处于开发阶段,一部分完成了地面功能验证,少部分进行了航天实验。本文首先总结了形状记忆聚合物(SMP)和形状记忆聚合物复合材料(SMPC)的分类,以及恶劣的空间环境因素下SMP的性能变化。随后总结了SMPC的空间可展开结构,包括:铰链、桁架、太阳能电池阵;SMPC的解锁释放结构;SMPC的变体结构以及基于4D打印的SMPC可展开结构的潜在应用。最后,对形状记忆材料和结构的发展前景进行了展望。

    Abstract:

    Shape memory polymer and its composites are a type of intelligent materials that can convert between the temporary shape and original shape under corresponding external stimuli. Shape memory polymer and its composites have many advantages, such as low density, low cost, large recoverable deformation and controllable stimulus mode, etc., and have shown great application potential in the aerospace field, including space deployable structure, releasing mechanism, morphing aircraft, etc. Most of these applications are in the development stage, some of which has already completed the functional verification on the ground, and a few of which have been tested in space. This work first summarized the classification of SMP and SMPC, as well as the performance change of SMP under adverse spatial environment factors. Subsequently, space deployable structure of SMPC are summarized, including hinge, truss, solar array, SMPC releasing device, morphing structures and 4D printed deployable structures. Finally, the article looks forward to the development trend of materials and structures.

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赵伟,刘立武,孙健,冷劲松,刘彦菊.基于形状记忆聚合物复合材料航天航空可变形结构技术研究进展[J].宇航材料工艺,2021,51(4):73-83.

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历史
  • 收稿日期:2021-05-21
  • 最后修改日期:2021-08-01
  • 录用日期:2021-06-29
  • 在线发布日期: 2021-08-25
  • 出版日期: 2021-08-30
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